Translation Initiation | Initiation of Protein Synthesis | Biochemistry

This video provides a tutorial on initiation process of translation. There are three distinct phases of mRNA translation, 1) initiation, 2) elongation and 3) termination. Key components required for translation initiation are, 1) mRNA, 2) ribosomal subunits, 3) initiator tRNA, 4) initiation protein factors and 4) GTP to generate energy. Small ribosomal subunit, initiator tRNA bound to initiation factor + GTP and mRNA form the preinitiation complex. GTP hydrolysis into GDP and inorganic phosphate releases energy, which is then used to form the complete initiation complex by attaching the large ribosomal subunit with preinitiation complex.

The following topics are covered in this lesson,

1. Phases of translation
2. Key components required for translation initiation
3. What is initiator tRNA?
4. Protein factors required for translation initiation
5. Ribosomal subunits
6. Binding sites on ribosome (A, P and E site)
7. How is small ribosomal subunit positioned on mRNA?
8. How is initiator tRNA is formed?
9. What is shine-Dalgarno sequence
10. How is pre-initiation complex formed?